There are no jurors in Saudi Arabia and the courts are subject to a few formalities. The country's first Code of Criminal Procedure was passed in 2001 and contains provisions excerpted from Egyptian and French law but rare in application. The Penal Code is governed by Islamic law and comprises three categories: Hudood (the specific penal penalties of the Koran), retribution (punishments following the principle of an eye for an eye), and ta'zir. Frontiers are the most serious crimes and include theft, looting, apostasy, adultery, and sodomy. Retribution includes murder or any crime involving bodily harm. Ta'zir is the most prominent category of cases and is by virtue of a guardian in cases such as bribery, smuggling and drug use. The conviction is either by confession without coercion, or by the testimony of two men (4 men in the case of adultery) except to the extent that it also requires confession. The testimony of women is half the testimony of men in Sharia courts, but in criminal courts, the testimony of women is not taken at all. Martyrdom from non-Muslims may not be counted. Finally, confirmation or denial is required. The oath takes great importance and respect in the religious community in Saudi Arabia and its rejection can be taken as an admission of guilt. Saudi courts apply a number of corporal punishments such as the death penalty to a number of charges such as murder, rape, armed robbery, repeated use of drugs, apostasy, adultery, and witchcraft. The application of this penalty shall be by beheading by sword or by stoning depending on the nature of the offense. Hand-cutting is a frequent punishment for theft, but only one case was recorded between 2007 and 2010. There is also the flogging penalty, which is a common punishment for charges such as drinking, leaving prayer, and leaving fasting.